Zinc Oxide (13.5%): Zinc Oxide is an ingredient that is generally used to address skin damage, like burns or scars, irritation, SPF, wound healing and may even function as a protective layer on the skin to lock moisture in while keeping pathogens out. Zinc Oxide is also used as a natural sun-protecting agent that reflects UV rays from the skin and provides a barrier between the skin and the sun. This protective barrier also helps to prevent moisture loss or trans epidermal water loss (TEWL). Zinc oxide may help to reduce redness, swelling, pain, and inflammation caused by bacterial build-up and is calming and soothing to irritated skin. Zinc Oxide also helps to minimize the appearance of large pores and prevents shininess of the skin by regulating oil production.

Ergothioneine (L): Ergothioneine (L), chirally correct, is an antioxidant found in various liver, kidney, black and red beans, oat bran and fungi (mushrooms) and is known as a skin calming agent that helps with discoloration and UV damage. It protects the mitochondrial membrane from oxidation by transferring fatty acids to help skin use oxygen more efficiently and produce more regenerative energy. Due to its antioxidant properties, it helps the harmful effects of free radicals and alleviates signs of aging, prevents oxidative damage, and helps in DNA repair. In turn, it is used to prevent wrinkles, reduce signs of aging skin, and reduce photodamage.

Porphyra Umbilicalis (Red Algae) Extract: Porphyra Umbilicalis (Red Algae) Extract is a type of seaweed that has been used in skincare products for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is rich in sulfated polysaccharides (carrageenan), peptides, carotenoids, and fatty acids. It has potential anti-inflammatory, skin whitening, and pain relief activities. The extract is known to help protect the skin against oxidative stress caused by environmental factors such as pollution and UV radiation. It is a unique organism that produces the most powerful UV-absorbing substances in nature, and the extract itself absorbs UVA/UVB light.

Tocopherol (D-alpha), (Vitamin E): Tocopherol (D-alpha), (Vitamin E), chirally correct, is a powerful antioxidant that helps to improve the visible signs of aging, support the skin’s natural barrier, and provide the skin with a source of antioxidants. Tocopherol works by delivering a hydrogen atom to free radicals, which minimizes their damaging effects. Since tocopherols are fat-soluble, they are incorporated into cell membranes to protect from oxidative damage, reducing the appearance of aging, such as fine lines, wrinkles, sagging skin, and age spots. Vitamin E has anti-inflammatory properties that support the immune system, cell function and overall skin health.

Malic Acid (L): Malic Acid (L), chirally correct, is an alpha-hydroxy acid derived from apples that exfoliates the top layer of the skin, which in turn does everything from smooth texture to fade discoloration to help unclog pores. Malic Acid promotes cellular renewal, speeds up cell turnover and balances the pH of the skin. In higher concentrations it can also penetrate lower levels of the skin to bring about new collagen formation, it also is hydrating, improves tone, reduces fine lines and wrinkles. Malic Acid also brightens the skin, helps to treat acne, and improves skin smoothness.